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Grooves of a Gun Barrel
The grooves being for the purpose of communicating a rotary motion to the projectile around an axis coincident with its flight, their construction will depend upon the form, dimension and material of the projectile, charge of powder, and angle of fire. The points to be considered in determining the form of grooves for arms are range, accuracy of fire, endurance, and facility of cleaning the bore. Experiment has shown that for breech-loaders these points are best attained by making the grooves broad and shallow, and with a rapid twist. The chamber being a receptacle for the charge, its shape is made to conform to that of the cartridge. Its diameter is made a little larger, and that of the bore a little smaller than that of the projectile. This facilitates the insertion of the charge, and causes the projectile to be compressed and held firmly by the lands in its passage through the bore. The bottom of the grooves and the surface of the chamber are generally continuous.
Farrow, Edward S. American Small Arms; a Veritable Encyclopedia of Knowledge for Sportsmen and Military Men. New York: Bradford, 1904. Print.
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