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Bluing is the process by which the deep dark blue sometimes almost black finish is applied to the bare metal of a firearm. Bluing helps to protect the metal of the firearm from rust, with reasonable care. Most professional bluing jobs are done with the hot bath method, in which the firearm is submerged in a hot solution of chemicals and salts. Some manufacturers offer home bluing kits, but these are best reserved for touch-ups of scratches and small areas, this is due to the fact that it is nearly impossible to get an even blue over a large surface.
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